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Periodic trend

Boiling Point

Temperature at which the liquid becomes gas. Tungsten and rhenium sit at the extreme; the noble gases at the other end.

Boiling Point plotted against atomic numberBoiling Point for 104 of the 118 elements, from 4 to 6,203 K. Temperature at which the liquid becomes gas. Tungsten and rhenium sit at the extreme; the noble gases at the other end.123456741,5543,1044,6536,203 Hydrogen (H): 20 K Helium (He): 4 K Lithium (Li): 1,603 K Beryllium (Be): 2,742 K Boron (B): 4,200 K Nitrogen (N): 77 K Oxygen (O): 90 K Fluorine (F): 85 K Neon (Ne): 27 K Sodium (Na): 1,156 K Magnesium (Mg): 1,363 K Aluminium (Al): 2,743 K Silicon (Si): 3,538 K Sulfur (S): 718 K Chlorine (Cl): 239 K Argon (Ar): 87 K Potassium (K): 1,032 K Calcium (Ca): 1,757 K Scandium (Sc): 3,109 K Titanium (Ti): 3,560 K Vanadium (V): 3,680 K Chromium (Cr): 2,944 K Manganese (Mn): 2,334 K Iron (Fe): 3,134 K Cobalt (Co): 3,200 K Nickel (Ni): 3,003 K Copper (Cu): 2,835 K Zinc (Zn): 1,180 K Gallium (Ga): 2,673 K Germanium (Ge): 3,106 K Selenium (Se): 958 K Bromine (Br): 332 K Krypton (Kr): 120 K Rubidium (Rb): 961 K Strontium (Sr): 1,650 K Yttrium (Y): 3,203 K Zirconium (Zr): 4,650 K Niobium (Nb): 5,017 K Molybdenum (Mo): 4,912 K Technetium (Tc): 4,538 K Ruthenium (Ru): 4,423 K Rhodium (Rh): 3,968 K Palladium (Pd): 3,236 K Silver (Ag): 2,435 K Cadmium (Cd): 1,040 K Indium (In): 2,345 K Tin (Sn): 2,875 K Antimony (Sb): 1,908 K Tellurium (Te): 1,261 K Iodine (I): 457 K Xenon (Xe): 165 K Cesium (Cs): 944 K Barium (Ba): 2,118 K Lanthanum (La): 3,737 K Cerium (Ce): 3,716 K Praseodymium (Pr): 3,403 K Neodymium (Nd): 3,347 K Promethium (Pm): 3,273 K Samarium (Sm): 2,173 K Europium (Eu): 1,802 K Gadolinium (Gd): 3,273 K Terbium (Tb): 3,396 K Dysprosium (Dy): 2,840 K Holmium (Ho): 2,873 K Erbium (Er): 3,141 K Thulium (Tm): 2,223 K Ytterbium (Yb): 1,469 K Lutetium (Lu): 3,675 K Hafnium (Hf): 4,876 K Tantalum (Ta): 5,731 K Tungsten (W): 6,203 K Rhenium (Re): 5,869 K Osmium (Os): 5,285 K Iridium (Ir): 4,403 K Platinum (Pt): 4,098 K Gold (Au): 3,243 K Mercury (Hg): 630 K Thallium (Tl): 1,746 K Lead (Pb): 2,022 K Bismuth (Bi): 1,837 K Polonium (Po): 1,235 K Astatine (At): 610 K Radon (Rn): 212 K Francium (Fr): 950 K Radium (Ra): 2,010 K Actinium (Ac): 3,500 K Thorium (Th): 5,061 K Protactinium (Pa): 4,300 K Uranium (U): 4,404 K Neptunium (Np): 4,447 K Plutonium (Pu): 3,505 K Americium (Am): 2,880 K Curium (Cm): 3,383 K Berkelium (Bk): 2,900 K Californium (Cf): 1,743 K Einsteinium (Es): 1,269 K Rutherfordium (Rf): 5,800 K Copernicium (Cn): 3,570 K Nihonium (Nh): 1,430 K Flerovium (Fl): 420 K Moscovium (Mc): 1,400 K Livermorium (Lv): 1,085 K Tennessine (Ts): 883 K Oganesson (Og): 350 K Period
104 of 118 elements have a measured value.4 – 6,203 K

Highest

  1. 1W Tungsten6,203
  2. 2Re Rhenium5,869
  3. 3Rf Rutherfordium5,800
  4. 4Ta Tantalum5,731
  5. 5Os Osmium5,285

Lowest

  1. 1He Helium4
  2. 2H Hydrogen20
  3. 3Ne Neon27
  4. 4N Nitrogen77
  5. 5F Fluorine85

14 elements have no measured value for this property, so they are left out of the plot rather than drawn as zero. Almost all of them are synthetic elements that have never existed in weighable quantities.

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