6C12.011
Polyatomic Non-Metalp-block
Carbon
Element 6 on the periodic table, symbol C, group 14, period 2.
Carbon (from Latin: carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. On the periodic table, it is the first (row 2) of six elements in column (group) 14, which have in common the composition of their outer electron shell. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent, making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds.
Properties
- Atomic Number
- 6
- Atomic Mass
- 12.0110 u
- Group
- 14
- Period
- 2
- Block
- p-block
- Category
- Polyatomic Non-Metal
- State at 25 °C
- Solid
- Melting Point
- Not measured
- Boiling Point
- Not measured
- Density
- 1.821 g/cm³
- Atomic Radius
- 70 pm
- Electronegativity
- 2.55
- Oxidation States
- -4, +2, +4
- Abundance in Crust
- 200 mg/kg
- Discovered
- Known since antiquity
- Discovered By
- Ancient Egypt
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p2
1s2 2s2 2p2
Ionisation Energies (kJ/mol)
- 1. 1,086.5
- 2. 2,352.6
- 3. 4,620.5
- 4. 6,222.7
- 5. 37,831
- 6. 47,277
Elements near Carbon
Elements in the same group share the number of outer electrons and behave in similar ways. Elements in the same period share a shell, so they change steadily from left to right.