39Y88.906
Transition Metald-block
Yttrium
Element 39 on the periodic table, symbol Y, group 3, period 5.
Yttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and it has often been classified as a "rare earth element". Yttrium is almost always found combined with the lanthanides in rare earth minerals and is never found in nature as a free element.
Appearance: silvery white
Properties
- Atomic Number
- 39
- Atomic Mass
- 88.9058 u
- Group
- 3
- Period
- 5
- Block
- d-block
- Category
- Transition Metal
- State at 25 °C
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 1,799 K · 1,525.9 °C
- Boiling Point
- 3,203 K · 2,929.9 °C
- Density
- 4.472 g/cm³
- Atomic Radius
- 180 pm
- Electronegativity
- 1.22
- Oxidation States
- +3
- Abundance in Crust
- 33 mg/kg
- Discovered
- 1794
- Discovered By
- Johan Gadolin
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d1
Ionisation Energies (kJ/mol)
- 1. 600
- 2. 1,180
- 3. 1,980
- 4. 5,847
- 5. 7,430
- 6. 8,970
- 7. 11,190
- 8. 12,450
Elements near Yttrium
Elements in the same group share the number of outer electrons and behave in similar ways. Elements in the same period share a shell, so they change steadily from left to right.