Mercury
Element 80 on the periodic table, symbol Hg, group 12, period 6.
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is commonly known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum (/haɪˈdrɑːrdʒərəm/). A heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure; the only other element that is liquid under these conditions is bromine, though metals such as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room temperature.
Appearance: silvery
Properties
- Atomic Number
- 80
- Atomic Mass
- 200.5923 u
- Group
- 12
- Period
- 6
- Block
- d-block
- Category
- Transition Metal
- State at 25 °C
- Liquid
- Melting Point
- 234.3 K · -38.8 °C
- Boiling Point
- 629.9 K · 356.7 °C
- Density
- 13.534 g/cm³
- Atomic Radius
- 150 pm
- Electronegativity
- 2
- Oxidation States
- +1, +2
- Abundance in Crust
- 0.085 mg/kg
- Discovered
- Known since antiquity
- Discovered By
- No individual credited
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10
Ionisation Energies (kJ/mol)
- 1. 1,007.1
- 2. 1,810
- 3. 3,300
Elements near Mercury
Elements in the same group share the number of outer electrons and behave in similar ways. Elements in the same period share a shell, so they change steadily from left to right.